Which clause of the Constitution was held to directly apply against unwarranted state action with respect to property rights in Barron v. Baltimore (1833)?

The principal armed forces that the United States used against Al Qaeda have been

a. Special Forces. b. CIA agents. c. traditional ground forces. d. the military forces of the Kurds.

The concept of strict constructionism requires that the Constitution

a. may be changed only by the formal amendment process and not by discretionary Congressional actions or judicial rulings. b. remain a flexible and fluid document that changes with the times. c. may be modified only by rulings of the Supreme Court. d. remain true to the intent of the writers of the Constitution, that it remain rigid and without any amendments. e. should be modified as popular opinion changes.