Irving Janis was fascinated by how a group of intelligent men such as President John F. Kennedy and his advisors could make such a disastrous decision when they authorized the ill-fated Bay of Pigs invasion
To find out, Janis began his study of decision-making in groups that eventually led to the phenomenon of "groupthink." Janis's hypothesis-generating heuristic could best be described as
a. an attempt to resolve conflicting results.
b. an effort to understand a paradoxical incident.
c. an effort to improve on older ideas.
d. the use of metaphors.
b
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Which of the following researcher characteristics would be most useful for conducting successful participant observation amongst adolescents?
a. Youthful appearance b. An air of authority c. Sneakiness d. Ability to lie
The process of "crossing over"
A) ensures that characteristics will be transmitted from parents to offspring. B) decreases the likelihood of mutations, chromosomal abnormalities, and birth defects. C) increases the potential for healthy sperm to reach the site of fertilization. D) ensures variability among the genetic codes of siblings.