In the study in which U.S. participants were told to select a gift and shown a group of three green pens and one orange pen, what were the Americans more likely to select?

A Kindergarten child's father is a police officer. The child begins to realize that his father's job requires him to be fast and strong. The child acknowledges that he is not capable of doing the kind of work his father does. Which of Gottfredson's stages does the child's thinking characterize?

Prospective memory __________

a. is related to proactive interference b. is better when it is time-based c. is better when it is event-based d. is better in older adults