Basing decisions on what was spent the year before is

a. incrementalism

"A procedure for choosing national party convention delegates through a series of precinct and district political meetings," is known as

a. the runoff-primary system. b. the caucus method of delegate selection. c. the district delegation assignment. d. the closed-primary system. e. gerrymandering.

In 1932, Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis coined a metaphor that is still used frequently by describing creative federalism as encouraging “laboratories of democracy.” What is meant by this concept?

a. States can be used to test new policies and the states also absorb the accountability if the efforts fail, thereby protecting the federal government’s integrity. b. States can try social and economic experiments without risk to the rest of the country, and if they are successful, other states can duplicate their efforts. c. The federal government can use states as laboratories for trying new policies. d. States are obligated to test the federal government’s policies since they are most accountable to the citizens. e. As “laboratories,” one state could have a democracy while other states experimented with other forms of government.