What will cause an increase in US AD?

Is the $846 billion that electricity producers would pay for the right to emit greenhouse gasses part of the opportunity cost of producing electricity?

What will be an ideal response?

From a monetarist perspective, instability in the macro economy arises from

A. the instability of velocity as a policy tool. B. the use of a monetary rule for monetary policy. C. secular trends in the economy. D. changes in monetary policy.