During this era, the only toe-hold of European occupation claimed by the Islamic peoples was in which of the following countries?

Pitch Aspects (including pentatonic scale and hocket)

What will be an ideal response?

The writing inscribed on ancient oracle bones is easily understood today because

a. Chinese pictograms closely resemble the things they portray. b. the Shang dynasty Yi Jing (Book of Changes) acts as a cypher. c. Chinese symbols closely resemble Mesopotamian cuneiform characters. d. ancient Chinese characters closely resemble modern Chinese characters.