Compare and contrast the thoughts of Alexis de Tocqueville and James Madison regarding collective action and the role of groups in democracy. How do views of the American public reflect either or both of these views?

What will be an ideal response?

Answer: An ideal response will:
1. Explain that de Tocqueville viewed Americans as being more committed to collective action than Europeans and viewed collective action as central to democracy.
2. Explain that Madison was concerned about the potential influence of factions, particularly majority factions, and believed that safeguards against group influence were necessary.
3. Explain some ambivalence evident in the American public. Interest groups are typically perceived negatively and people are concerned about the influence of groups on government. But individuals are supportive of protections for freedom of speech and association such as those offered by the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and by the Texas Constitution.