Codependent family relationships as a cause of a person's substance use disorder has strong empirical evidence.

Evidence suggests that during wakefulness a sleep-promoting chemical is produced and builds up in the blood until the person becomes tired and falls asleep.

a. true b. false

Malcolm works for a major pharmaceutical company and is in charge of designing a clinical protocol to study depression. The new medication under investigation has the potential to alleviate the symptoms of depression

Malcolm needs to describe how depression as well as how the improvement of depressive symptoms will be defined in the study in order to recruit the right subjects. In other words, Malcolm needs to provide a(n) a. hypothesis. b. theory. c. operational definition. d. functional definition. e. investigative definition.