Which of the following supports the notion that the prefrontal cortex is related to the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
A) Schizophrenic patients show a greater number of neurons within the gray matter of the frontal cortex.
B) Schizophrenic patients show greater activity of the frontal cortex than do controls.
C) Schizophrenic patients do poorly on neuropsychological tests that are sensitive to damage of the prefrontal cortex.
D) MRI studies indicate abnormalities within the parietal cortex of schizophrenics.
E) MRI studies indicate abnormalities within the temporal cortex of schizophrenics.
Answer: C
Rationale: The fact that schizophrenic patients do poorly on neuropsychological tests that are sensitive to damage of the prefrontal cortex supports the notion that the prefrontal cortex is related to the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
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A study conducted by Bruppacher and colleagues (2010) examined whether a simulation or an interactive seminar did a better job of preparing anesthesia interns. The results of the study indicated that:
A) the simulation and the seminar were equally ineffective. B) the seminar was ineffective, and the simulation was effective. C) neither approach was effective. D) although both approaches were effective, the simulation was superior.
The mechanic at your car dealership is discussing work that needs to be done to your "rack and pinion." What happens as this information enters your short-term memory?
a) Information from long-term memory is retrieved and used to make sense of what you are being told. b) The information you just heard is immediately encoded so that it can be rehearsed and used at a later time. c) Old memories related to the concept are erased so that the memory "slate" is cleared for new processing of information. d) The new words are repeated over and over again until they are finally placed in long-term memory, where they will be connected to existing memories.