The difference between negative and positive punishment is whether
a. behaviors occur less or more frequently.
b. something has been taken away or given.
c. the individual likes what is being given to them.
d. it is consistent or unpredictable.
e. the person is aware of what is occurring.
b. something has been taken away or given.
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Which of the following conditions is conducive to creating a groupthink effect?
a. the illusion of disagreement b. a weak leader c. failing to critically evaluate ideas d. members who do not like each other
Animal rights activists may be making headway in their efforts, since in the last 30 years:
a. More studies use computer simulations instead of actual animal subjects b. The number of subjects used in animal research has declined significantly c. More research is being done with just tissue cultures d. All of the above