Explain any one way of cultivating nationalism among citizens
What will be an ideal response?
Nationalism can generate a sense of belonging to a large community in which everyone shares a cultural framework. To make nationalism a meaningful form of political identity, people must be encouraged to think they have much in common with those outside their immediate community. One key way that political elites construct nationalist identity is by making education compulsory and promoting mass literacy. An effective way to use literacy to construct nationalist identity is through primary and secondary education. Nationalism requires creating an emotional or psychological bond between large communities of strangers, something not easily learned by observing and imitating people in one's immediate surroundings. Literacy, mass schooling, and centralized control over education help explain the relative strength or weakness of nationalism across countries. Mass education helped weaken local and regional identities and construct nationalist ones by giving authority and legitimacy to nationally trained bureaucrats and teachers, as opposed to parents or prominent local figures. Mass education also succeeded by shifting the tools of cultural socialization from informal oral traditions to government-sanctioned formal texts replete with nationalist cultural messages.
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Even though it represented the spirit of reforms by his predecessors,George W. Bush's PMA demonstrated a key difference by its focus on __________
A) reorganizing the executive branch B) reducing the number of federal employees C) eliminating the Federal Register D) streamlining agency evaluations
Which of the following are the three steps of the federal budget process?
a. The president proposes a budget, Congress Rejects or revises through the appropriations process, the president approves all appropriations bills. b. Congress proposes a budget, the President rejects or revises through the appropriations process, the Congress approves all appropriations bills. c. The president proposes a budget, the supreme court determines if the budget is constitutional, the Congress then approves all appropriations bills. d. An election is held, the president approves appropriations, Congress rejects or revises the appropriations.