Moral hazard and adverse selection are the result of

In the short run, the monopolistic competitor is just like the perfect competitor in that

A) equilibrium is determined by setting price equal to marginal cost. B) either type of firm can earn economic profits, experience economic losses, or break even in the short run. C) each equates marginal revenue and marginal cost in order to maximize profits, with the result that price exceeds marginal revenue. D) new firms enter in the short run when firms are making profits.

Suppose a paper mill earns $1,000,000 in profits when it pollutes a river, and it can abate pollution at a cost of $75,000. The effects of the pollution are confined to a single farmer who earns $400,000 if the water he uses from the river is clean and $300,000 if it's polluted. Suppose the law guarantees the farmer access to clean water from the river. Which of the following describes an efficient outcome in this case?

A. The owner of the mill is unable to pay the farmer enough to secure his permission to pollute the river. B. The owner of the mill pays the farmer $87,500 for his permission to pollute the river. C. The owner of the mill pays the farmer $112,500 for his permission to pollute the river. D. The farmer pays the owner of the mill $87,500 to stop polluting.