In which of the following orientations should a patient with TBI be positioned?
A. positioned with head elevated 30 degrees
B. supine position
C. prone position
D. Fowler's position
ANS: A
A. Correct response: As with all mechanically ventilated patients, the head of the bed should be maintained at an elevation of 30 degrees, not only to minimize aspiration, but also to facilitate venous drainage in this patient population. Other measures used to avoid venous congestion include keeping a midline head position, avoidance of internal jugular catheters if possible, and ensuring that cervical collars, if present, are not too constrictive.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
C. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation A
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