Morning light on retinal cells resets the circadian clock by about three minutes per day

In a classic experiment, two groups of rats explored a maze with the first group being rewarded with food at the end of the maze,

while the second group wandered the maze but were unrewarded and showed no signs of learning. But later, when the "uneducated" rats were given food, they ran the maze as quickly as the rewarded group. The unrewarded animals had nevertheless learned their way around the maze, which demonstrated a type of learning referred to as a. classical conditioning. b. respondent conditioning. c. latent learning. d. instrumental learning.

In Horney's system, the central idea is ____

a. ?basic anxiety b. ?the need for freedom from fear c. ?the neurotic needs d. ?the idealized self-image e. ?the inferiority complex