________ advertising would most likely result in attack ads between competitors

Which of the following can be symbolized as:

EG: R X O1 CG: R O2 Where, X = the exposure of a group to an independent variable, treatment, event, the effects of which are to be determined O = the process of observation or measurement of the dependent variable on the test units or group of units R = the random assignment of test units or groups to separate treatments CG = control group EG = experimental group A) one-shot case study B) one-group pretest-posttest design C) posttest-only control group design D) static group design E) pretest-posttest control group design

Designs that apply part of the procedures of true experimentation, while lacking full experimental control are called ________

A) concurrent designs B) preexperimental designs C) quasi-experimental designs D) statistical designs E) partial designs