What type of procedure involves the removal of staghorn renal calculus?
a. Percutaneous chemolysis
b. Percutaneous nephrostolithotomy
c. Ultrasonic lithotripsy
d. Nephrolithotomy or pyelolithotomy
ANS: D
An open incision is made during the nephrolithotomy or pyelolithotomy procedure in order to remove a large staghorn renal calculus, which branches from the renal pelvis into the calyces and into the ureter. A nephroscope may be used during this procedure to visualize the nephrons and locate and remove fragments of calculi.
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Which of the following are classified as postrenal abnormalities?
I. Ureteral calculi II. Bladder outlet obstruction III. Fluid sequestration a. I, II, and III c. III only b. I and II only d. I only
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Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)