An oratorio was usually based on a secular story, while an opera was usually based on a sacred one

Ambrogio Lorenzetti's Allegory of Good Government was painted when ____ was still a patchwork of city-states in constant turmoil, rather than a unified nation

a. Italy b. Spain c. Mexico d. Brazil

Which of the following represents an initial stage in the development of ragtime for the piano?

A. piano renditions of ragtime songs B. the “ragging” of non-syncopated music C. original compositions for the piano D. all of the above