In the production order quantity model, the fraction of inventory that is used immediately and not stored is represented by the ratio of ________

A speculator can choose between buying 100 shares of a stock for $40 per share and buying 1000 European call options on the stock with a strike price of $45 for $4 per option

For second alternative to give a better outcome at the option maturity, the stock price must be above A. $45 B. $46 C. $55 D. $50

Southern Pacific Co v. Arizona concerned whether Arizona could, for safety considerations, require trains traveling through the state be a shorter length than trains traveling through other states. The Supreme Court justified striking down the Arizona law because:

a. because the law did not concern a legitimate state interest to improve transportation safety b. because Congress had passed legislation dealing with the length of trains c. because the law conflicted with federal standards d. because the law interfered with interstate commerce e. none of the other choices