Of the following, which is the type of variable most often observed in psychological research?

Although county governments may differ markedly in their organization, they generally have all of the following elements EXCEPT________

A. a governing body composed of elected members B. a number of separately elected officials with countywide jurisdictions C. a large number of special boards or commissions that have authority over various functions D. an elected bureaucracy that limits self-governance through county operations

Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1.Third-party movements contribute to the policy agendas of the major party coalitions even as the winner-take-all electoral system continues to deny third-party candidates public office. 2.The history of party building is largely a story of the “outs” finding new ways to become the “ins.” 3.The party conventions provided a forum for politicking that convinced diverse party factions to agree to unite behind a single presidential candidate and a coherent party platform. 4.Under the civil service system, appointment and advancement depended on political pull rather than merit. 5.Primary elections deprived parties of a crucial political resource: the ability to control access to elective public office by controlling nominations.