When a child calls all men with beards "daddy", this is an example of a/an ____________________

Phil was introduced to heroin at a party, and ever since then he has been chasing his first high. He has been desperate to procure this powerful narcotic at any financial and personal cost. Which of the following BEST explains Phil's development of a drug-centered lifestyle?

A) ?Heroin's ability to jumble thought processes is attractive to users. B) ?Heroin withdrawal is highly life-threatening, and so users continue to use. C) ?Narcotics users adopt this lifestyle in order to keep their suppliers happy. D) ?Narcotics users are prone to psychological and physical dependence.

What is the evidence that the soothing function of sucking need not be learned through experience?

A. Babies mimic the sucking motion when at rest or during sleep. B. As a baby outgrows colic, their rooting reflex also strengthens. C. Babies who cry incessantly or become easily agitated typically show a weak rooting reflex at birth. D. Sucking on a pacifier decreases crying and agitated movement in hungry neonates.