Paula's mother painted Paula's nails with an unpleasant-tasting liquid to stop her nail biting. This illustrates ________

A mother is trying to teach her little boy to eat his cereal with a spoon. Every time he correctly does so, his mother gives him a small piece of his favorite cookie. This is an example of ________

a. vicarious learning b. insight learning c. conditioning d. reinforcement

Which of the following has been found to increase the cognitive functioning of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) children?

a. Having older siblings in the home with whom to socialize b. Eating a diet low in proteins such as milk, meat, eggs and nuts c. Vigorous physical exercise and play d. Attending preschool