Ruth's parents frequently slap her when she misbehaves. They also bully her into doing what they want instead of asking her nicely. Ruth is most likely to ________
a. develop a strong sense responsibility.
b. be impulsive, unmotivated, and irresponsible.
c. confess rather than lie when she misbehaves.
d. have reduced empathy for others and behave more aggressively.
Answer: d
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Which of the following is the correct definition of cognitive dissonance?
a. a state of tension that occurs when a person's behavior does not correspond to the his or her attitude b. the tendency for members of a group to avoid taking responsibility for their actions because they assume that others will do so c. the tendency for members of a close-knit group to think alike for the sake of harmony and to suppress disagreement d. a belief that a statement is true just because the person has heard it repeated over and over again e. the tendency of individual group members to put in less effort when they think others will "pick up the slack."
According to the article Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Ad? about fear appeals in advertising, the fear
appeals were studied by means of (a) a longitudinal study (b) a naturalistic observation (c) a cross- sectional study (d) an experiment