Solid, replicable research findings suggest that all of the following are at least moderately heritable EXCEPT
a. cognitive abilities.
b. social attitudes.
c. psychological interests.
d. essentially all personality variables have some degree of heritability.
Answer: d: essentially all personality variables have some degree of heritability.
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Which of the following is true regarding lie detectors?
A) Lie detectors are accepted as valid evidence in most U.S. courts, but not in other countries. B) Research suggests that traditional polygraphs are about 78% accurate as lie detectors. C) Polygraphs are able to detect arousal, but are not valid indicators of lying. D) Researchers have been unable to identify any potential lie detector replacements for the polygraph.
An acquired fear response is called
a. a conditioned emotional reaction. b. a reconditioned phobia. c. a higher-order conditioned response. d. a discriminative response. e. a form of superstitious behavior.