Mandi shares her frozen dessert with her sister. "Wow!" says her sister, "What type of ice-cream is this?"
Mandi explains that, because it does not contain any dairy, the dessert is a sorbet and not an ice-cream. Mandi's use of the technical definition for ice-cream to classify the dessert is an example of:
A) using a prototype.
B) rule-based categorization.
C) using a heuristic.
D) linguistic relativity.
Answer: B
Rationale: In rule-based categorization, objects or events are categorized according to a certain set of rules or by a specific set of features. In contrast, categorization using a prototype is done by comparison, not explicit rules or definitions.
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What is the strongest influence on the probability that children will begin smoking?
a) tobacco advertisements b) peer group identification c) the known risk for contracting cancer d) health warnings from the surgeon general
When Jerry tells his parents he wants to be a rock musician, they offer to help him pay for guitar lessons as long as he keeps his grades up. Erikson would say that their response is an example of
A) permissive parenting. B) a psychosocial moratorium. C) identity foreclosure. D) positive working models.