When Alaina is working on her bicycle, she brings her entire tool kit out on the driveway and starts pulling wrenches from it at random, trying them until she finds one that fits. Alaina's approach when she is working on her bicycle could be BEST described as

Johanna and Stuart are seeing a couples therapist. The therapist is LEAST likely to help them figure out how they

a. can use projection and transference to improve their relationship. b. can communicate effectively with each other. c. can reinforce desirable behavior in each other. d. can each help the other express his or her feelings and ideas. e. can develop nondirective listening skills.

Coleen goes to therapy because she is feeling sad. She often has periods of extreme sadness, and they typically last from six to eight months. During these times, she overeats, has trouble sleeping, feels exhausted all the time, and thinks a lot about dying. At other times, however, Coleen says she feels wonderful. During these periods, which last about a week, she gets a lot done, feels as if she can do anything, talks a lot and quickly, and doesn't sleep, or feel tired. She says her "up" times are great and have never caused her any trouble. Coleen's most likely diagnosis is __________.

A. major depressive disorder B. persistent depressive disorder C. bipolar I D. bipolar II