The above figures show the market for hamburger meat. Which figure(s) shows the effect of an increase in the number of people who eat hamburger meat?

Perfectly competitive markets will tend to under-allocate resources to nonexclusive public goods because:

a. these goods are produced under conditions of increasing returns to scale. b. no single individual can appropriate the total benefits provided by the purchase of such goods. c. these goods are best produced under conditions of monopoly. d. no private producer can provide the capital necessary to produce such goods.

The spending multiplier is:

a. 1 / (1 ? MPC). b. 1 ? MPC. c. MPC. d. MPC / (1 ? MPC).