The after-tax cost of equity is ________ the pretax cost of equity

An ad program's marketing ROI refers to ________

A) the net marketing contribution divided by the cost of the ad program B) the total sales divided by the net marketing cost C) the customer response index divided by the net marketing cost D) the total sales multiplied by the net marketing cost E) the net marketing contribution plus the cost of the ad program

SetPro Inc, a software firm, collects information about its marketing communication. The firm finds that 60% of the firm's target market is exposed the marketing communication, and 50% of that group is aware of the offering

Amongst the people who are aware of the offering, 70% understand the message. And 60% of that group intends to purchase, and 90% of that group actually does purchase. What is the customer response index for the buying group? A) -1.13% B) 1.13% C) 11.3% D) 90% E) 60%