Explain what place the basic principles (autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, confidentiality, and justice) play in Institutional Review Board (IRB) determinations

The historical abuses that have occurred in human subject research are legendary. The honoring of autonomy will ensure that information is provided to ensure authentic consent and that the opinions and decisions of the subjects will be honored unless they are clearly detrimental to others. Care must be taken to ensure that confidential information regarding individual patients is protected. The principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence are important to ensure that every effort by the research team will be made to ensure that the risks are minimized and that the cost benefit ratio is appropriate. The principle of justice involves questions such as who benefits from the research and who bears the burden. Human subject research must not fall disproportionately on groups such as the poor, especially if the rewards flow to the middle class and above.