Andy is in his middle childhood years. Despite his efforts to do well in school, he failed two subjects and was held back a year. According to Erikson, if Andy is allowed to continue to fail, he is at risk for developing a sense of:

Your niece is pregnant. She has heard that Kegel exercises are a good idea, but does not know how to perform them. Having a very close relationship, you would tell her to tense the _____

muscles of the vagina and anus repeatedly for 10-second intervals abdominal muscles repeatedly for 15-second intervals quadriceps and hamstrings repeatedly for 10-second intervals muscles of the lower back repeatedly for 10-second intervals

Matt's Dad is teaching him to shoot a basketball. His Dad takes the ball and demonstrates to Matt how to shoot it through the hoop. The use of antecedent stimuli by his Dad in order to get Matt to engage in the right behavior at the right time is called:

a. fading b. prompting c. shaping d. stimulus control