Most employees ________ pay taxes on the value of health insurance provided by employers, and most people ________ get a tax break when buying individual health insurance policies

In which case can we be sure aggregate demand shifts left overall?

a. people want to save more for retirement and the Fed increases the money supply. b. people want to save more for retirement and the Fed decreases the money supply. c. people want to save less for retirement and the Fed increases the money supply. d. people want to save less for retirement and the Fed decreases the money supply.

Which of the following are considered ad valorem taxes?

A) taxes assessed by charging a rate equal to a percentage of an item's price B) taxes assessed by charging a flat amount per unit purchased C) taxes based on the amount of debt that the government must repay D) taxes based on the amount of spending the government will undertake