According to research by Posthuma, deGeus, & Boomsma, 2003, early IQ scores are due to
both genetic and environmental influences. However, their findings based on longitudinal data
indicates that _____________may have more life-long influence.
a. the environment
b. genetics
c. both genetics and the environment
d. first genetics, then the environment
b. genetics
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You introduce a friend to a new video game. On her first try, she doesn't do well but she says, "This is fun. I have to climb that ladder more quickly to escape the bombs. Let me try again!" According to Bandura, her optimism reflects:
a. external locus of control. b. environmental feedback. c. positive internal expectancies. d. a low sense of self-efficacy.
Rofessor Todd decides to test her hypothesis that eating chocolate prior to exams increases students' test scores
PShe randomly assigns students to two groups at the beginning of the semester. One group receives a bar of chocolate before each test, while the other group receives another type of candy. She compares their scores at the end of the year, and finds that the students who ate the chocolate scored an average of ten points higher on their exams. What is a fair conclusion that can be drawn from this experiment? A) Eating chocolate causes students' test scores to increase. B) Eating chocolate has no relationship to students' test scores. C) Eating chocolate may increase students' satisfaction with the class. D) Eating chocolate makes students happy.