A bond that is currently selling at $1,000 offers to pay $50 annually. What is the percentage rate of return on the bond?

The quantity theory assumes that

a. velocity is constant. b. income is constant. c. prices are constant. d. transactions are constant.

While a television news reporter might state that "Today the Fed raised the federal funds rate from 1 percent to 1.25 percent," a more precise account of the Fed's action would be as follows:

a. "Today the Fed told its bond traders to conduct open-market operations in such a way that the equilibrium federal funds rate would increase to 1.25 percent.". b. "Today the Fed raised the discount rate by a quarter of a percentage point, and this action will force the federal funds rate to rise by the same amount.". c. "Today the Fed took steps to increase the money supply by an amount that is sufficient to increase the federal funds rate to 1.25 percent.". d. "Today the Fed took a step toward expanding aggregate demand, and this was done by raising the federal funds rate to 1.25 percent.".