Which single factor accounts for most of the variation in the liability to substance abuse?

When people are solving a problem such as the Elves-and-Goblins problem in your textbook, they generally avoid

a. using bottom-up processing. b. dividing a problem into subproblems. c. increasing the difference between the current state and the goal state. d. using the means-ends approach to solve the problem.

Sam conducted a naturalistic observation as a project for a psychology class. He observed the interactions of parents and children at a restaurant. Many of the people he observed seemed to notice him

When Sam described his work to his teacher, she suggested he find out more about the _________________ effect. a) restaurant b) parent c) butterfly d) observer