Mother-son pairs tend to bicker more than mother-daughter pairs

Groups are likely to desire additional leadership when

A) a current leader departs. B) the group faces a crisis. C) the group grows larger. D) all of the above

Which of the following is a system for managing and altering behavior through the immediate reinforcement of selected responses with poker chips or slips of paper that can be exchanged for food and/or special privileges?

a. a time-out system b. a token economy c. systematic desensitization d. an EMDR program