To which personality trait has the concept of crystallized intelligence been most strongly associated?

What Piagetian task was used to test whether a child had progressed from concrete to formal operations?

a. open-box problem b. pendulum problem c. three-mountain problem d. blueprint problem

Regarding operant extinction and spontaneous recovery, which of the following statements is FALSE?

a. Just as acquiring an operant response takes time, so does operant extinction. b. Even after operant extinction seems complete, the previously reinforced response may return. c. If a response is extinguished and comes back, the operant extinction process usually takes longer the second time. d. Spontaneous recovery is very adaptive because it is a way of checking to see if the rules have changed.