Discuss the legacy of religious tolerance within the history of Islam.

What will be an ideal response?

Begin by placing Islamicate life within its historical contexts, highlighting how different Islamic regimes have had different views on tolerance. There are several examples. Umayyads in Spain under Abd ar-Rahman III were particularly tolerant of Jews and Christians, and their society flourished. Baghdad was a very cosmopolitan city that was a place of learning and religious tolerance. It should be noted, however, that not all Islamic regimes were as tolerant. For example, during the Berbers’ invasion of Spain from North Africa, Jews were severely persecuted and many fled from their Spanish homeland.