Which of the following findings are exclusion criteria for using noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in the patient with acute respiratory failure?
1. Apnea
2. Hemodynamic or cardiac instability
3. Low risk of aspiration
4. Lack of cooperation by the patient
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 1, 2, and 4 only
c. 3 and 4 only
d. 2, 3, and 4 only
ANS: B
Exclusion criteria include apnea, hemodynamic or cardiac instability, lack of cooperation by the patient, facial burns, facial trauma, copious amounts of secretions, high risk of aspiration, and an-atomic abnormalities that interfere with gas delivery.
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Which actions by the EMS crew have met the platinum ten minutes criteria?
A) Assessed, provided spinal motion restriction precautions, and initiated transport within 10 minutes of arriving on scene B) Arrived on scene and by the patient's side within 10 minutes of being dispatched C) Stabilized the patient and called for ALS assistance within 10 minutes of arriving on scene D) Completed the assessment and treated any life threats within 10 minutes of the incident occurring
State four situations during which the residents may need assistance with their physical needs.
What will be an ideal response?