Using the set of symbols commonly used in marketing research to denote experimental designs, which symbol below represents the random assignment of test units or groups to separate treatments?

A _____ is a business structure of interdependent organizations that reaches from the point of production to the consumer and facilitates the downstream physical movement of goods through the supply chain

a. market grouping b. common trade alliance c. retailer monopoly d. marketing channel

Which of the following is not a benefit of forecasting future losses?

A) Better estimate of insurance costs B) More appropriate budgeting of financial impact of the losses C) Better selection of optimal risk-handling techniques D) Better monitoring of trends and impact of change in trend