As the first president of the United States, George Washington is often credited with establishing many presidential standards and precedents that are still in effect today. Which of the following is NOT one of Washington’s precedents?
a. He avoided entrapments of royalty by rejecting references such as “Your Majesty.”
b. He was very aggressive in establishing a global military presence by basing American military personnel in volatile foreign arenas.
c. He established a foreign economic policy.
d. He established the influence of the executive in crafting public policy.
e. He established and preferred the reference of “Mr. President.”
ANS: B
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What is the effect of dividing election cycles so that state and local elections are separate?
a. The cost of holding elections is drastically reduced, as is the cost of campaigns. b. Issues that are unique to state and local races are converged. c. Candidates are typically forced to campaign for shorter periods. d. Voter fatigue increases due to disinterest in participating in so many elections.
Posen says: "History tells us that equal capabilities are not required for states and statesmen to treat each other as important strategic actors." What evidence does he provide for this statement?
a. the Japanese occupation of China b. the German takeover of Austria before World War II c. the U.S. involvement in Vietnam in the 1960s and1970s d. Soviet GDP only briefly topping that of the United States during the Cold War e. Soviet Union's economic output surpassed that of Japan