In what way is compliance different from conformity?
a) Compliance involves a direct request, whereas conformity involves indirect social pressure.
b) Conformity and compliance are very similar; the distinction depends on whether one is actor or perceiver.
c) Conformity involves direct group pressure for change, whereas compliance involves orders of commands.
d) Compliance involves eliciting reactance on the part of group members, whereas conformity involves subliminal persuasion.
A
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Darwin believed that emotional expressions began as ________ that came to have evolutionary value because they ________
a. physiological reactions; convey emotional states to other members of the species b. physiological reactions; increased the efficiency of bodily reactions c. communication devices; increased the efficiency of bodily reactions d. random mutations; convey expectations to other members of the species
Accelerated IQ gains during childhood are especially likely for children
a. whose parents provide an intellectually stimulating home environment. b. who were born to abusive or neglectful parents. c. with resilient genotypes that guarantee their success d. who were fed "smart food" or given "smart pills.".