During your professor's lecture on the history of mental illness, you learned that in the past there were disorders called drapetomania, nymphomania, and anarchia, which do not exist today. From this lecture, you have learned that what is often considered normal or abnormal depends on

__________ is NOT a method used to conduct needs assessment

a. Surveying the target group b. Conducting focus group interviews c. Hiring a consultant d. Reviewing peer-reviewed journal articles

Reyna knows that if she puts in longer hours, her performance on her project will improve. However, she feels her boss dislikes her, so even if she improves her performance, she believes she will not receive a raise (which she would really like). According to expectancy theory, Reyna has high _____ and low _____.

A) instrumentality; valence B) valence; expectancy C) expectancy; instrumentality D) expectancy; valence