The federal government is interested in better understanding traffic patterns as part of transportation policy. To study this topic, it issues a(n) ______ to researchers who will apply for funding to conduct research on the project, based upon the questions that the government wants answered.

Which of these best describes a political action committee?

a. a committee formed by an organization, industry, or individual for the purpose of collecting voluntary contributions and then distributing that money to selected political candidates and causes b. an organization that collects money and mostly uses it to influence public opinion through the media c. an organization that is formally registered as a civic or social welfare organization d. a political party that nominates candidates for political office e. a constitutional document that provides the legal framework for how a country is governed

James Madison attributed the failure of the confederation to which of the following?

a. faulty institutions b. the moral vices of the citizens c. the rejection of home rule by the colonists d. George Washington’s party coalition