Joe runs a business and needs to decide how many hours to stay open. Figure 2.2 illustrates his marginal benefit of staying open for each additional hour. Suppose that Joe's marginal cost of staying open per hour is $24

The Business Cycle Dating Committee defines a recession as

A) a significant decline in activity visible in industrial production, employment, real income, and wholesale/retail trade lasting more than a few months. B) two consecutive quarters of declining real GDP. C) a significant decline in inflation and unemployment lasting more than a few months. D) two consecutive quarters of declining nominal GDP.

The Friedman—Phelps analysis shows that a negative relationship between inflation and unemployment holds

A) even when expected inflation changes. B) even when the natural rate of unemployment changes. C) even if both the expected inflation rate and the natural rate of unemployment change. D) as long as the expected inflation rate and the natural rate of unemployment are approximately constant.