Dr. Segal is testing the hypothesis that television watching in children under the age of two enhances the development of language skills. In her study, the use of random assignment ____
a. ensures that the dependent variable reflects the personal qualities of the participants
b. addresses situational confounding variables, such as the time of day or weather conditions
c. ensures that the independent variable reflects the outcomes of the dependent variables
d. tends to cancel out individual differences among participants in the experimental group and the control group
ANSWER:
d
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In gate-control theory, substance P
a. opens the spinal gates for pain. b. closes the spinal gates for pain. c. is unrelated to pain. d. is similar in function to endorphins.
Which is NOT an advantage of field research, compared to laboratory research?
a. research participants are likely to be less suspicious and biased b. greater control over the variables of interest c. more ability to generalize the results of a study to other settings d. can study the impact of more powerful variables and situations