The National Security Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation gather information about the capabilities and intentions of foreign governments. These two organizations are part of the ________ community

High-stakes testing refers to tests ________

A. that are basically used for ranking and comparing students' performances with one another B. that are used to understand the learning capacity of students belonging to a particular race C. that students must pass to go on to the next grade level or graduate from high school D. that are conducted for students who require special education and extra attention E. that are usually meant to assess only students who have above-average intelligence

Majoritarian democracies are systems that

a. combine a presidential system with FPTP district voting for legislative elections. b. combine strong executives, few checks on the power of the majority to pass laws and amend the constitution, and conflictual politics between two major political parties. c. unite proportional representation elections and a multiparty system with the diffusion of power across branches and levels of government. d. combine presidentialism with a proportional representation electoral system. e. provide for the free and fair selection of government representatives through elections in which the vast majority of adults are eligible to vote and the voters have a genuine choice between candidates.