Which of the following behaviors is not consistent with managers' escalation of commitment to projects that fail to meet milestones?
a. Seeking out supporting data
b. Recalling information consistent with prior, positive beliefs
c. Admitting the project has gone awry
d. Interpreting neutral information as positive
e. Ignoring or distorting negative information
c
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Why is markup pricing most likely popular?
A) Sellers are more certain about demand than about costs. B) Markup pricing tends to maximize market competition. C) Markup pricing affords buyers greater bargaining power. D) Sellers do not need to make frequent adjustments as demand changes. E) Markup pricing is designed to set prices to break even on the costs of making and marketing a product.
Employees are not likely to need their leader to provide structuring behavior if:
a. they have information about the task through other means b. if they do not get along with the leader c. if the leader does not have enough power d. if the leader is not located in the same place as the employees