Define and provide an example of operant conditioning
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer would include the following key points:
- Operant conditioning
- Voluntary behaviors—the response is voluntary behavior
- Reinforcement—the response is strengthened in frequency or intensity by the presence of positive or negative reinforcements
- Learning occurs when a voluntary response is strengthened because it is associated with positive consequences
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A sprinter's readiness to react to the starter gun given his/her anticipation is an example of
a. proximal stimuli. b. perceptual sets. c. bottom-up processing. d. difference thresholds. e. phosphenes.
Which of the following major theories in child development primarily emphasizes nurture rather than nature as an important influence?
A) the psychoanalytic perspective B) behaviorism C) ethology D) information processing