Global events have little effect on the ideology of political parties during the twenty-first century

Which statement best describes the trend in presidential approval?

a. Presidents typically begin their terms with high approval ratings but lose popularity over time. b. Presidents typically begin their terms with low approval ratings but ratings increase as they prove themselves over time. c. Presidents typically begin and end their terms with high approval ratings. d. Presidents typically begin and end their terms with low approval ratings.

What is the effect of "divided" government, such as that used in the United States, on spending and policy formation?

A) It encourages unhealthy spending and foolish policies. B) It holds down spending and foolish policies. C) It encourages irresponsible spending because representatives are held accountable for only a short amount of time. D) It encourages responsible spending, but is slow to implement policy.