When Sheila joins the Air Force, she is given a test to determine which specialty she is most likely to succeed in. Although Sheila had hoped to be trained be an aircraft engineer, her test results suggest she would be a better radar operator

This is an example of how ____________ tests are used.
A) intelligence
B) aptitude
C) Stanford-Binet
D) achievement

Answer: B
Rationale: Aptitude tests are designed to measure an individual's potential to perform well on a specific range of tasks. In contrast, Achievement tests measure knowledge and thinking skills that an individual has acquired. Because the test in the example is being used to predict what specialty Shelia will perform best in, the test is an aptitude test. There is no reason to believe that the test is designed to specifically assess Sheila's intelligence.