If the advance planning in preparing for a group discussion is perceived by the audience as too polished and as presenting a biased point of view, the audience will feel that they have been manipulated

Mutual interaction strategies of reconciliation involve outsiders encouraging a partner to initiate reconciliation

Indicate whether this statement is true or false.

In his persuasive speech on eliminating the general education requirements at State U., Barry argues, "I've already taken two of the required 15 courses, and believe me they were a waste of time."

Barry's use of reasoning from specific instances to a generalization is __________. a) valid because he is using his own experience b) invalid because he did not state which classes he took c) valid because it is something his audience can relate to d) invalid because the number of specific instances is not large enough or diverse enough